HISTORY 495S/496S: Honors Thesis Seminar 2024/25

ARTICLE: Example of an MLA (Modern Language Association) Style Article Citation

• Author
• Article Title
• Source Title (Journal, Magazine, or Newspaper)
• Volume & Issue
• Date
• Pages
• Format: Print or Online (if online, include: database name, access date, and/or DOI)

BOOK: Example MLA Book Citation

• Author
• Book Title
• Publisher Location
• Publisher
• Publication Date
• Format

Help page for Citing Rubenstein Materials; and general help page at Purdue Writing Lab.

Example Photograph Chicago Style

Chicago Citation Format
(Chicago Manual of Style, 15th ed., sections 17.270, 8.206)

Structure:

1. Photographer’s last name, first name, middle initial (if given). [Include role after name, i.e. photographer.]
2. “Photo Title.” (Title of a song, a poem or a single photograph is in quotes, not italics.) [Include brackets if given in bibliographic record.]
3. Format (photograph).
4. Publisher city: publishing company, copyright date (include c [circa] if given; if no date, use n.d.).
5. Source (From Library of Congress in normal font), Collection name with dates (in italics).
6. Medium (software requirement needed to access source ).
7. URL (use bibliographic record URL or shorter digital id if available at bottom of bib record).
8. Accessed date (in parenthesis).

Last name, First name Middle initial. Title of Work. Format. City: Publishing Company, copyright date. Source, Collection. Medium, http://...(accessed date).

Example:
O’Sullivan, Timothy, photographer. “[Incidents of the war. A Harvest of Death, Gettysburg, July 1863.]” Photograph. Washington, D.C.: Philip & Solomons, c1865. From Library of Congress: Selected Civil War Photographs, 1861-1865. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/cwp2003001110/PP (accessed January 9, 2006).

This information is useful for you and your reader in finding materials again.

TYPE OF PUBLICATION (sometimes called Format)

• Book Monograph (popular, scholarly, fiction, textbooks, dissertation, etc.); Reference Books (Encyclopedias, Dictionaries, Chronologies, etc.)
• Atlases and Maps
• Newspapers
• Academic and Trade Journals
• Popular journals
• Government Reports, Organization’s report, and Legal Documents
• Press Releases and Advertising
• Flyers, Pamphlets, Leaflets
• Multimedia sources captured on CD, DVD, etc.
• Web sites 
• Weblogs / Blogs
• Message boards, Discussion lists, and Chat rooms
• Multimedia content hosted on the web
• ...more

MEDIUM OF PUBLICATION

Consider using citation management software to collect, organize, share and format citations. Check out this citation tool comparison chart. 

Desktop client, over 5000 different styles, export from many library resources	Free, web-based tool, social networking functionality
Web-based tool, export from many library resources	Free, web-based tool, save items via web browser

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Style manuals are guides that tell you where/how to properly cite sources. For this class, you may be using Chicago (also available in print and online, Duke-only versions). Ask your professors to be sure which style they want you to use. 

The Writing Studio at Duke offers an opportunity to meet with trained writing tutors to discuss individual work-in-progress. Locations are at  Bivins 207, and Perkins 112 .

• Schedule an appointment
• Writing Resources 
  (e.g. Genres of Writing and Working with Sources)